Groundwater data presentation and interpretation.

Description

Contains one function, for drawing Piper (or Piper-Hill) diagrams from water analyses for major ions, and a dataset from Zaporozec

Details

Author(s)

Myles English myles@rockhead.biz

See Also

piper and toPercent zaporozec

Examples

library(hydrogeo)
data(zaporozec)
zaporozec$CO3 <- rep(0,9) # toPercent expects CO3
zaporozec$Na <- rep(0,9)  # toPercent expects Na
z <- toPercent(zaporozec)
pz <- piper(z)
plot(pz,cex=1.5)

Create a new piper object

Description

Create a new piper object

Usage

piper(d, ...)

Arguments

See Also

piper-class and toPercent

Class piper

Description

Objects of this class are plotable as Piper-Hill diagrams. A dataframe of major ions as percentages can be used to initialise a piper object.

Usage

## S4 method for signature 'piper'
initialize(.Object, l, ..., call = NULL, pt.col = NULL)

## S4 method for signature 'piperplot'
labelAxes(x, cex.axis = 0.35, side = -1, ...)

## S4 method for signature 'piper'
plot(x, type = "p", cex = 0.75, ...)

## S4 method for signature 'piper'
show(object)

Arguments

Methods (by generic)

• initialize: Initialiser

• labelAxes: Label the axes

• plot: Plot an object of class piper

• show: Show an object of class piper

Slots

Ca

Object of class vector — Calcium

Mg

Object of class vector — Magnesium

Cl

Object of class vector — Chloride

SO4

Object of class vector — Sulphate

anion.x

x coordinate of the point on the anion triangle (internal)

anion.y

y coordinate of the point on the anion triangle (internal)

cation.x

x coordinate of the point on the cation triangle (internal)

cation.y

y coordinate of the point on the cation triangle (internal)

diamond.x

x coordinate of the point on the diamond (internal)

diamond.y

y coordinate of the point on the anion diamond (internal)

IDs

Object of class vector of sample identifiers

pt.col

Object of class vector of colours for points

pt.pch

Object of class vector of symbols for points

call

Object of class character — call that created it

Author(s)

Myles English myles@rockhead.biz

References

A. Zaporozec, “Graphical interpretation of water quality data,” Ground Water 10, no. 2 (1972): 32–43.

Examples

showClass("piper")

l <- list( Ca = c(43,10,73,26,32),
           Mg = c(30,50,3,14,12),
           Cl = c(24,10,12,30,43),
           SO4 = c(24,10,12,30,43))

lp <- piper(l)
plot( lp, main="Piper-Hill Diagram of Water Quality" )

# change symbols and colours to differentiate water type groups
lp@pt.pch = c(2,2,4,4,4)
lp@pt.col = c(0,1,0,1,2)

# use larger symbols
plot( lp, main="Piper-Hill Diagram of Water Quality", cex=1.4 )

Create a new piperplot object

Description

Create a new piperplot object

Usage

piperPaper(size = NULL, ...)

Arguments

Examples

library(hydrogeo)
p = piperPaper(size=1)
plot(p)

Class piperplot

Description

Objects of this class are plottable as empty (i.e. no points) Piper-Hill diagrams

Usage

## S4 method for signature 'piperplot'
Axis(x = NULL)

Arguments

Methods (by generic)

• Axis: Add axes to a piperplot

Slots

size

Object of class numeric — Length of the (square) plot area, defaults to 300

call

R call that created it

Plot the diagram area with two triangles and a diamond

Description

Plot the diagram area with two triangles and a diamond

Usage

## S4 method for signature 'piperplot'
plot(x, axes = TRUE, ...)

Arguments

Major ions as a percentage of total major ions - Test Data

Description

Major ions as a percentage of total major ions - Test Data

Usage

testData(n)

Arguments

Examples

library(hydrogeo)
lp <- piper( testData(26) )

Major ions as a percentage of total major ions

Description

Expects certain column names

Usage

toPercent(d)

Arguments

Examples

library(hydrogeo)
l <- list( Ca = c(43,10,73,26,32),
          Mg = c(30,50,83,14,62),
          Na = c(54,76,3,14,12),
          K = c(31,22,32,22,11),
          Cl = c(24,10,12,30,43),
          SO4 = c(24,10,12,30,43),
	  CO3 = c(24,10,12,30,43),
	  HCO3 = c(42,110,12,3,4),
          IDs = c("A","B","C","D","E") )
d <- toPercent(l)
# check, should add up to 100%
z <- as.data.frame(d)
for(i in 1:length(z[[1]])) { print(sum(z[i,5:8])) }
for(i in 1:length(z[[1]])) { print(sum(z[i,1:4])) }

Major ions for groundwaters reported by Zaporozec

Description

This data set contains major ion analyses for three groundwaters.

Format

A data frame with 9 observations on the following 15 variables:

• location a factor with levels Tertiary, Czechoslovakia Upper Cambrian, Wisconsin Upper Cretaceous, Czechoslovakia

• K a numeric vector - potassium

• Mg a numeric vector - magnesium

• Ca a numeric vector - calcium

• Mn a numeric vector - magnesium

• Fe a numeric vector - iron

• Cl a numeric vector - chloride

• NO3 a numeric vector - nitrate

• HCO3 a numeric vector - bicarbonate

• SO4 a numeric vector - sulphate

• sigma a numeric vector - standard deviation

• TDS a numeric vector - total dissolved solids

• tempC a numeric vector - temperature

• pH a numeric vector - pH

• units a factor with levels meq/l meq_pc mg/l

Source

Zaporozec, “Graphical interpretation of water quality data,” Ground Water 10, no. 2 (1972): pages 32–43.

Examples

data(zaporozec)
str(zaporozec)